Criminal Liability of Bank Employees in Money Laundering Crimes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59261/jlsp.v4i4.165Keywords:
Criminal Liability, Bank Employees, Money Laundering CrimeAbstract
Background: The banking sector plays a strategic role in maintaining national economic stability; however, privileged internal access may expose bank employees to opportunities for committing predicate offenses that lead to money laundering (Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang or TPPU). Insider-facilitated financial crime remains a significant threat to banking systems.
Objective: This study analyzes the construction of criminal liability for bank employees involved in money laundering under Law No. 8 of 2010 and examines the judges’ legal considerations in Verdict No. 1002/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Jkt.Tim.
Methods: This normative juridical study employs statutory, case, and conceptual approaches using primary legal materials, including the TPPU Law, Banking Law, Criminal Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana or KUHP), and the relevant court verdict. The materials were analyzed through grammatical, systematic, and teleological legal interpretation.
Results: The findings show that bank employees who divert customer funds through fictitious accounts may bear concurrent criminal liability for the predicate banking offense and subsequent money laundering under a concursus realis framework when the statutory elements, including mens rea and actus reus, are fulfilled. The relevant conduct falls within Articles 3, 4, and 5 of the TPPU Law. The court found that creating fictitious accounts, forging signatures, and transferring IDR 1.2 billion through internal banking applications constituted deliberate acts to conceal the illicit origin of the assets.
Conclusion: The judges’ considerations reflect the principles of legal certainty (Rechtssicherheit) and utility (Zweckmäßigkeit), strengthening the legal framework for addressing insider-facilitated money laundering in Indonesia’s banking sector.
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