Legal Review of the Administration of Aesthetic Clinics Consumer Protection and Legal Liability in the Administration of Aesthetic Clinics: A Normative Juridical Analysis under Indonesian Health Law

Abstract

Background: The rapid growth of aesthetic clinics reflects changing lifestyles and increasing demand for beauty care services. However, consumers often face difficulties in selecting safe and trustworthy aesthetic services, resulting in complaints, legal disputes, and potentially fatal consequences.

Objective: This study analyzes Indonesia’s legal framework governing aesthetic clinics, the gap between normative provisions (das Sollen) and their implementation (das Sein), as well as the forms of consumer protection and legal liability applicable to aesthetic clinic services.

Method: This normative juridical research employed statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The primary legal materials included Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health, Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection, and Minister of Health Regulation Number 17 of 2024. These materials were supported by secondary and tertiary legal sources, which were analyzed using descriptive and interpretive methods.

Results: Significant implementation gaps were identified, including noncompliance with licensing requirements, inadequate informed consent procedures, invasive aesthetic procedures performed by unqualified personnel, and weak supervision by regional health authorities.

Conclusion: Although the regulatory framework is normatively comprehensive, its implementation remains inadequate. Strengthening consumer protection requires improved public education, enhanced regulatory supervision, and consistent enforcement of civil, criminal, and administrative liability mechanisms to ensure consumer and patient safety.