Poverty, Cultural Practices, and Human Trafficking in Sumba: Unraveling Injustice and the Quest for Legal Protection

Abstract

Background: Poverty is a persistent problem that fuels human trafficking, particularly in Sumba. Poverty refers to the condition of lacking essential needs, relying on others socially, and being unable to engage in a life of dignity within society.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship among cultural factors, poverty, and low legal awareness in contributing to human trafficking.

Methods: This study employs a qualitative approach using ethnographic methods, with primary data collected through observation, interviews, and focus group discussions in Lewa, East Sumba. Secondary data were obtained from academic journals, legislation, and documentation of relevant past cases.

Results: The results reveal a strong interconnection among the belis cultural practice, economic pressures, and vulnerability to human trafficking. These interrelated elements expose deep injustice and human rights violations concealed beneath cultural legitimacy, forming a complex web that communities struggle to escape.

Conclusion: The study concludes that addressing human trafficking in Sumba requires integrated countermeasures targeting poverty, belis-related economic burdens, and customary exploitation. The state must enforce TPPO regulations, strengthen victim protection mechanisms, and pursue distributive, corrective, and social justice through law reform, access to education, and community economic empowerment.